Generally, most of the chips we know about belong to the consumer electronics category, which includes a variety of mobile phone/computer core processors; Such chips tend to consider only three aspects - "cost, power consumption, performance."

At present, the car-scale chip is mainly divided into MCU (micro-control unit), power semiconductor (IGBT, MOSFET, etc.), sensor and other four categories; There are far more than three design considerations for these four types of chips, and each chip is absolutely essential for a car.

● Why do you say that? Here I also use MCU as an example

The full name of MCU in the car is Motor control unit, translated into Chinese as "motor control unit", that is, the module that controls the motor action, which is connected and controlled in various peripheral circuits and interface circuits of the car.

In popular terms, it is equivalent to the brain of the car, which controls all the electronic systems of the car, including: suspension, engine electronic control system, vehicle infotainment, wiper Windows, electric seats and other components that need electricity. According to industry data, the number of MCU in all the chips equipped with ordinary fuel home vehicles will reach about 30%, and in more high-end models, it will reach nearly half, that is, about 50%.

At present, vehicle-level MCUS are divided into 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers according to different usage scenarios and performance.

1, 8-bit MCU: mainly used in the car circuit of the lower end of the control function of each subsystem, including windshield wiper, skylight, window lift, mechanical instrument panel, hub box, seat control, gate module, fan control, air conditioning control, etc.

2, 16-bit MCU: mainly used in power transmission systems, such as engine control, gear and clutch control and electronic turbine systems, suspension systems, electronic brakes, electronic power steering wheel, torque distributed control and electronic pumps.

3, 32-bit MCU: Compared with 8-bit and 16-bit, it is mainly used for large-flow data system control such as dashboard, body control, safety control, intelligent multimedia control, etc. Specifically, it is responsible for intelligent vehicle infotainment system (full LCD instrument and large-screen central control), ADAS driving assistance system (ACC, ACC, etc.). Transmission features such as pre-collision, ESP (electronic stability program), and complex X-by-wire.

At the same time, the 32-bit MCU is also responsible for the task of the main control processing center, which can centrally manage the middle and low order electronic control units (ECUs) distributed throughout the body, so as to achieve high integration, low energy consumption and high efficiency. And it is with such obvious advantages, 32-bit MCU is also increasingly welcomed by various car companies, so the proportion is gradually rising, the future is likely to completely eliminate the traditional 8-bit and 16-bit MCU.